first commit

.gitignore

+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*~
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
+env/
+bin/
+build/
+develop-eggs/
+dist/
+eggs/
+lib/
+lib64/
+parts/
+sdist/
+var/
+.idea/
+*.egg-info/
+.installed.cfg
+*.egg
+
+# Installer logs
+pip-log.txt
+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
+
+# Unit test / coverage reports
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+.coverage
+.cache
+nosetests.xml
+coverage.xml
+
+# Translations
+*.mo
+
+# Mr Developer
+.mr.developer.cfg
+.project
+.pydevproject
+
+# Rope
+.ropeproject
+
+# Django stuff:
+*.log
+*.pot
+
+# Sphinx documentation
+docs/_build/
+
+
+# config
+fabfile.py
+settings.online.py
+/gaia/settings.py
+media/
+log/
+crawldata/
+conf/
+/static
+.vagrant/
+Vagrantfile
+
+*.DS_Store
+dump.rdb
+# .gitignore for yangchuncheng
+settings_override*
+.script/
+.tmp.sql
+.env
+*.pem
+coverage_html/
+

ArticleSpider/items.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Define here the models for your scraped items
+#
+# See documentation in:
+# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html
+
+import datetime
+import re
+
+import redis
+import scrapy
+from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
+from scrapy.loader.processors import MapCompose, TakeFirst, Join
+
+from utils.common import extract_num
+from settings import SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT, SQL_DATE_FORMAT
+
+from w3lib.html import remove_tags
+from models.es_types import ArticleType
+
+
+from elasticsearch_dsl.connections import connections
+es = connections.create_connection(ArticleType._doc_type.using)
+
+redis_cli = redis.StrictRedis()
+
+class ArticlespiderItem(scrapy.Item):
+    # define the fields for your item here like:
+    # name = scrapy.Field()
+    pass
+
+
+def add_jobbole(value):
+    return value+"-bobby"
+
+
+def date_convert(value):
+    try:
+        create_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(value, "%Y/%m/%d").date()
+    except Exception as e:
+        create_date = datetime.datetime.now().date()
+
+    return create_date
+
+
+def get_nums(value):
+    match_re = re.match(".*?(\d+).*", value)
+    if match_re:
+        nums = int(match_re.group(1))
+    else:
+        nums = 0
+
+    return nums
+
+
+def remove_comment_tags(value):
+    #去掉tag中提取的评论
+    if "评论" in value:
+        return ""
+    else:
+        return value
+
+def return_value(value):
+    return value
+
+def gen_suggests(index, info_tuple):
+    #根据字符串生成搜索建议数组
+    used_words = set()
+    suggests = []
+    for text, weight in info_tuple:
+        if text:
+            #调用es的analyze接口分析字符串
+            words = es.indices.analyze(index=index, analyzer="ik_max_word", params={'filter':["lowercase"]}, body=text)
+            anylyzed_words = set([r["token"] for r in words["tokens"] if len(r["token"])>1])
+            new_words = anylyzed_words - used_words
+        else:
+            new_words = set()
+
+        if new_words:
+            suggests.append({"input":list(new_words), "weight":weight})
+
+    return suggests
+
+class ArticleItemLoader(ItemLoader):
+    #自定义itemloader
+    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()
+
+
+class JobBoleArticleItem(scrapy.Item):
+    # 定义文章实体
+    title = scrapy.Field()
+    url = scrapy.Field()
+    content = scrapy.Field()
+
+
+    def get_insert_sql(self):
+        insert_sql = """
+            insert into jobbole_article(title, url, create_date, fav_nums)
+            VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE content=VALUES(fav_nums)
+        """
+        params = (self["title"], self["url"], self["create_date"], self["fav_nums"])
+
+        return insert_sql, params
+
+
+    def save_to_es(self):
+        article = ArticleType()
+        article.title = self['title']
+        article.create_date = self["create_date"]
+        article.content = remove_tags(self["content"])
+        article.front_image_url = self["front_image_url"]
+        if "front_image_path" in self:
+            article.front_image_path = self["front_image_path"]
+        article.praise_nums = self["praise_nums"]
+        article.fav_nums = self["fav_nums"]
+        article.comment_nums = self["comment_nums"]
+        article.url = self["url"]
+        article.tags = self["tags"]
+        article.meta.id = self["url_object_id"]
+
+        article.suggest = gen_suggests(ArticleType._doc_type.index, ((article.title,10),(article.tags, 7)))
+
+        article.save()
+
+        redis_cli.incr("jobbole_count")
+
+        return
+
+
+class ZhihuQuestionItem(scrapy.Item):
+    #知乎的问题 item
+    zhihu_id = scrapy.Field()
+    topics = scrapy.Field()
+    url = scrapy.Field()
+    title = scrapy.Field()
+    content = scrapy.Field()
+    answer_num = scrapy.Field()
+    comments_num = scrapy.Field()
+    watch_user_num = scrapy.Field()
+    click_num = scrapy.Field()
+    crawl_time = scrapy.Field()
+
+    def get_insert_sql(self):
+        #插入知乎question表的sql语句
+        insert_sql = """
+            insert into zhihu_question(zhihu_id, topics, url, title, content, answer_num, comments_num,
+              watch_user_num, click_num, crawl_time
+              )
+            VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+            ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE content=VALUES(content), answer_num=VALUES(answer_num), comments_num=VALUES(comments_num),
+              watch_user_num=VALUES(watch_user_num), click_num=VALUES(click_num)
+        """
+        zhihu_id = self["zhihu_id"][0]
+        topics = ",".join(self["topics"])
+        url = self["url"][0]
+        title = "".join(self["title"])
+        content = "".join(self["content"])
+        answer_num = extract_num("".join(self["answer_num"]))
+        comments_num = extract_num("".join(self["comments_num"]))
+
+        if len(self["watch_user_num"]) == 2:
+            watch_user_num = int(self["watch_user_num"][0])
+            click_num = int(self["watch_user_num"][1])
+        else:
+            watch_user_num = int(self["watch_user_num"][0])
+            click_num = 0
+
+        crawl_time = datetime.datetime.now().strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT)
+
+        params = (zhihu_id, topics, url, title, content, answer_num, comments_num,
+                  watch_user_num, click_num, crawl_time)
+
+        return insert_sql, params
+
+
+class ZhihuAnswerItem(scrapy.Item):
+    #知乎的问题回答item
+    zhihu_id = scrapy.Field()
+    url = scrapy.Field()
+    question_id = scrapy.Field()
+    author_id = scrapy.Field()
+    content = scrapy.Field()
+    parise_num = scrapy.Field()
+    comments_num = scrapy.Field()
+    create_time = scrapy.Field()
+    update_time = scrapy.Field()
+    crawl_time = scrapy.Field()
+
+    def get_insert_sql(self):
+        #插入知乎question表的sql语句
+        insert_sql = """
+            insert into zhihu_answer(zhihu_id, url, question_id, author_id, content, parise_num, comments_num,
+              create_time, update_time, crawl_time
+              ) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+              ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE content=VALUES(content), comments_num=VALUES(comments_num), parise_num=VALUES(parise_num),
+              update_time=VALUES(update_time)
+        """
+
+        create_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(self["create_time"]).strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT)
+        update_time = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(self["update_time"]).strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT)
+        params = (
+            self["zhihu_id"], self["url"], self["question_id"],
+            self["author_id"], self["content"], self["parise_num"],
+            self["comments_num"], create_time, update_time,
+            self["crawl_time"].strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT),
+        )
+
+        return insert_sql, params
+
+
+def remove_splash(value):
+    #去掉工作城市的斜线
+    return value.replace("/","")
+
+def handle_jobaddr(value):
+    addr_list = value.split("\n")
+    addr_list = [item.strip() for item in addr_list if item.strip()!="查看地图"]
+    return "".join(addr_list)
+
+class LagouJobItemLoader(ItemLoader):
+    #自定义itemloader
+    default_output_processor = TakeFirst()
+
+
+class LagouJobItem(scrapy.Item):
+    #拉勾网职位信息
+    title = scrapy.Field()
+    url = scrapy.Field()
+    url_object_id = scrapy.Field()
+    salary = scrapy.Field()
+    job_city = scrapy.Field(
+        input_processor=MapCompose(remove_splash),
+    )
+    work_years = scrapy.Field(
+        input_processor = MapCompose(remove_splash),
+    )
+    degree_need = scrapy.Field(
+        input_processor = MapCompose(remove_splash),
+    )
+    job_type = scrapy.Field()
+    publish_time = scrapy.Field()
+    job_advantage = scrapy.Field()
+    job_desc = scrapy.Field()
+    job_addr = scrapy.Field(
+        input_processor=MapCompose(remove_tags, handle_jobaddr),
+    )
+    company_name = scrapy.Field()
+    company_url = scrapy.Field()
+    tags = scrapy.Field(
+        input_processor = Join(",")
+    )
+    crawl_time = scrapy.Field()
+
+    def get_insert_sql(self):
+        insert_sql = """
+            insert into lagou_job(title, url, url_object_id, salary, job_city, work_years, degree_need,
+            job_type, publish_time, job_advantage, job_desc, job_addr, company_name, company_url,
+            tags, crawl_time) VALUES (%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)
+            ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE salary=VALUES(salary), job_desc=VALUES(job_desc)
+        """
+        params = (
+            self["title"], self["url"], self["url_object_id"], self["salary"], self["job_city"],
+            self["work_years"], self["degree_need"], self["job_type"],
+            self["publish_time"], self["job_advantage"], self["job_desc"],
+            self["job_addr"], self["company_name"], self["company_url"],
+            self["job_addr"], self["crawl_time"].strftime(SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT),
+        )
+
+        return insert_sql, params
\ No newline at end of file

ArticleSpider/middlewares.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Define here the models for your spider middleware
+#
+# See documentation in:
+# http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+
+from scrapy import signals
+from fake_useragent import UserAgent
+
+from tools.crawl_xici_ip import GetIP
+
+
+
+class ArticlespiderSpiderMiddleware(object):
+    # Not all methods need to be defined. If a method is not defined,
+    # scrapy acts as if the spider middleware does not modify the
+    # passed objects.
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
+        # This method is used by Scrapy to create your spiders.
+        s = cls()
+        crawler.signals.connect(s.spider_opened, signal=signals.spider_opened)
+        return s
+
+    def process_spider_input(response, spider):
+        # Called for each response that goes through the spider
+        # middleware and into the spider.
+
+        # Should return None or raise an exception.
+        return None
+
+    def process_spider_output(response, result, spider):
+        # Called with the results returned from the Spider, after
+        # it has processed the response.
+
+        # Must return an iterable of Request, dict or Item objects.
+        for i in result:
+            yield i
+
+    def process_spider_exception(response, exception, spider):
+        # Called when a spider or process_spider_input() method
+        # (from other spider middleware) raises an exception.
+
+        # Should return either None or an iterable of Response, dict
+        # or Item objects.
+        pass
+
+    def process_start_requests(start_requests, spider):
+        # Called with the start requests of the spider, and works
+        # similarly to the process_spider_output() method, except
+        # that it doesn’t have a response associated.
+
+        # Must return only requests (not items).
+        for r in start_requests:
+            yield r
+
+    def spider_opened(self, spider):
+        spider.logger.info('Spider opened: %s' % spider.name)
+
+
+class RandomUserAgentMiddlware(object):
+    #随机更换user-agent
+    def __init__(self, crawler):
+        super(RandomUserAgentMiddlware, self).__init__()
+        self.ua = UserAgent()
+        self.ua_type = crawler.settings.get("RANDOM_UA_TYPE", "random")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
+        return cls(crawler)
+
+    def process_request(self, request, spider):
+        def get_ua():
+            return getattr(self.ua, self.ua_type)
+
+        request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', get_ua())
+
+class RandomProxyMiddleware(object):
+    #动态设置ip代理
+    def process_request(self, request, spider):
+        get_ip = GetIP()
+        request.meta["proxy"] = get_ip.get_random_ip()
+
+
+from selenium import webdriver
+from scrapy.http import HtmlResponse
+class JSPageMiddleware(object):
+
+    #通过chrome请求动态网页
+    def process_request(self, request, spider):
+        if spider.name == "jobbole":
+            # browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="D:/Temp/chromedriver.exe")
+            spider.browser.get(request.url)
+            import time
+            time.sleep(3)
+            print ("访问:{0}".format(request.url))
+
+            return HtmlResponse(url=spider.browser.current_url, body=spider.browser.page_source, encoding="utf-8", request=request)
+
+# from pyvirtualdisplay import Display
+# display = Display(visible=0, size=(800, 600))
+# display.start()
+#
+# browser = webdriver.Chrome()
+# browser.get()

ArticleSpider/models/__init__.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'

ArticleSpider/models/es_types.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+
+from datetime import datetime
+from elasticsearch_dsl import DocType, Date, Nested, Boolean, \
+    analyzer, InnerObjectWrapper, Completion, Keyword, Text, Integer
+
+from elasticsearch_dsl.analysis import CustomAnalyzer as _CustomAnalyzer
+
+from elasticsearch_dsl.connections import connections
+connections.create_connection(hosts=["localhost"])
+
+class CustomAnalyzer(_CustomAnalyzer):
+    def get_analysis_definition(self):
+        return {}
+
+
+ik_analyzer = CustomAnalyzer("ik_max_word", filter=["lowercase"])
+
+class ArticleType(DocType):
+    #伯乐在线文章类型
+    suggest = Completion(analyzer=ik_analyzer)
+    title = Text(analyzer="ik_max_word")
+    create_date = Date()
+    url = Keyword()
+    url_object_id = Keyword()
+    front_image_url = Keyword()
+    front_image_path = Keyword()
+    praise_nums = Integer()
+    comment_nums = Integer()
+    fav_nums = Integer()
+    tags = Text(analyzer="ik_max_word")
+    content = Text(analyzer="ik_max_word")
+
+    class Meta:
+        index = "jobbole"
+        doc_type = "article"
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    ArticleType.init()

ArticleSpider/pipelines.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Define your item pipelines here
+#
+# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
+# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
+import codecs
+import json
+
+from scrapy.pipelines.images import ImagesPipeline
+from scrapy.exporters import JsonItemExporter
+from twisted.enterprise import adbapi
+from models.es_types import ArticleType
+from w3lib.html import remove_tags
+
+import MySQLdb
+import MySQLdb.cursors
+
+class ArticlespiderPipeline(object):
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        return item
+
+
+class JsonWithEncodingPipeline(object):
+    # 自定义json文件的导出
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.file = codecs.open('article.json', 'w', encoding="utf-8")  # 用codecs避免文件编码
+
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        # 将item转换成字符串, ensure_ascii=False以便中文显示正常
+        lines = json.dumps(dict(item), ensure_ascii=False) + "\n"
+        # 将字符串写入文件中
+        self.file.write(lines)
+        return item
+
+    def spider_closed(self, spider):
+        self.file.close()
+
+
+class MysqlPipeline(object):
+    # 采用同步的机制写入mysql
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.conn = MySQLdb.connect('127.0.0.1', 'root', '', 'article_spider', charset="utf8", use_unicode=True)
+        self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()
+
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        insert_sql = """
+            insert into jobbole_article(title, url, content)
+            VALUES (%s, %s, %s)
+        """
+        self.cursor.execute(insert_sql, (item["title"], item["url"], item["content"]))
+        self.conn.commit()
+
+
+class MysqlTwistedPipline(object):
+    def __init__(self, dbpool):
+        self.dbpool = dbpool
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_settings(cls, settings):
+        dbparms = dict(
+            host = settings["MYSQL_HOST"],
+            db = settings["MYSQL_DBNAME"],
+            user = settings["MYSQL_USER"],
+            passwd = settings["MYSQL_PASSWORD"],
+            charset='utf8',
+            cursorclass=MySQLdb.cursors.DictCursor,
+            use_unicode=True,
+        )
+        dbpool = adbapi.ConnectionPool("MySQLdb", **dbparms)
+
+        return cls(dbpool)
+
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        #使用twisted将mysql插入变成异步执行
+        query = self.dbpool.runInteraction(self.do_insert, item)
+        query.addErrback(self.handle_error, item, spider) #处理异常
+
+    def handle_error(self, failure, item, spider):
+        #处理异步插入的异常
+        print (failure)
+
+    def do_insert(self, cursor, item):
+        #执行具体的插入
+        #根据不同的item 构建不同的sql语句并插入到mysql中
+        insert_sql, params = item.get_insert_sql()
+        cursor.execute(insert_sql, params)
+
+
+class JsonExporterPipleline(object):
+    #调用scrapy提供的json export导出json文件
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.file = open('articleexport.json', 'wb')
+        self.exporter = JsonItemExporter(self.file, encoding="utf-8", ensure_ascii=False)
+        self.exporter.start_exporting()
+
+    def close_spider(self, spider):
+        self.exporter.finish_exporting()
+        self.file.close()
+
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        self.exporter.export_item(item)
+        return item
+
+
+class ArticleImagePipeline(ImagesPipeline):
+    def item_completed(self, results, item, info):
+        if "front_image_url" in item:
+            for ok, value in results:
+                image_file_path = value["path"]
+            item["front_image_path"] = image_file_path
+
+        return item
+
+
+class ElasticsearchPipeline(object):
+    #将数据写入到es中
+
+    def process_item(self, item, spider):
+        #将item转换为es的数据
+        item.save_to_es()
+
+        return item
\ No newline at end of file

ArticleSpider/settings.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import os
+
+# Scrapy settings for ArticleSpider project
+#
+# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
+# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
+#
+#     http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
+#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
+#     http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+
+BOT_NAME = 'ArticleSpider'
+
+SPIDER_MODULES = ['ArticleSpider.spiders']
+NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'ArticleSpider.spiders'
+
+
+# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
+#USER_AGENT = 'ArticleSpider (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'
+
+# Obey robots.txt rules
+ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = False
+
+# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32
+
+# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
+# See also autothrottle settings and docs
+DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 10
+# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
+#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16
+
+# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
+COOKIES_ENABLED = False
+
+# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
+#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False
+
+# Override the default request headers:
+#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
+#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
+#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
+#}
+
+# Enable or disable spider middlewares
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
+# SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
+#    'ArticleSpider.middlewares.ArticlespiderSpiderMiddleware': 543,
+# }
+
+# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
+# DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
+#     'ArticleSpider.middlewares.JSPageMiddleware': 1,
+#    # 'ArticleSpider.middlewares.RandomUserAgentMiddlware': 543,
+#     # 'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.useragent.UserAgentMiddleware': None,
+# }
+
+# Enable or disable extensions
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
+#EXTENSIONS = {
+#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
+#}
+
+# Configure item pipelines
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
+ITEM_PIPELINES = {
+   'ArticleSpider.pipelines.JsonWithEncodingPipeline': 2,
+   # # 'scrapy.pipelines.images.ImagesPipeline': 1,
+   #  'ArticleSpider.pipelines.ArticleImagePipeline': 1,
+   # 'ArticleSpider.pipelines.MysqlTwistedPipline': 1,
+   # 'ArticleSpider.pipelines.MysqlPipeline': 1,
+   # 'ArticleSpider.pipelines.ElasticsearchPipeline': 1
+}
+IMAGES_URLS_FIELD = "front_image_url"
+project_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+IMAGES_STORE = os.path.join(project_dir, 'images')
+
+import sys
+BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'ArticleSpider'))
+
+USER_AGENT = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:51.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/51.0"
+
+RANDOM_UA_TYPE = "random"
+#
+# IMAGES_MIN_HEIGHT = 100
+# IMAGES_MIN_WIDTH = 100
+
+# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
+# See http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
+AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
+# The initial download delay
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
+# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
+# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
+# each remote server
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
+# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
+#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False
+
+# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
+# See http://scrapy.readthedocs.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
+#HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
+#HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
+#HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
+#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
+#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
+
+MYSQL_HOST = "127.0.0.1"
+MYSQL_DBNAME = "article_spider"
+MYSQL_USER = "root"
+MYSQL_PASSWORD = "root"
+
+
+SQL_DATETIME_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+SQL_DATE_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%d"

ArticleSpider/spiders/__init__.py

+# This package will contain the spiders of your Scrapy project
+#
+# Please refer to the documentation for information on how to create and manage
+# your spiders.

ArticleSpider/spiders/jobbole.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import scrapy
+import datetime
+from scrapy.http import Request
+from urllib import parse
+from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
+
+from ArticleSpider.items import JobBoleArticleItem, ArticleItemLoader
+
+from selenium import webdriver
+from scrapy.xlib.pydispatch import dispatcher
+from scrapy import signals
+
+
+class JobboleSpider(scrapy.Spider):
+    name = "jobbole"
+    allowed_domains = ["blog.jobbole.com"]
+    start_urls = ['http://blog.jobbole.com/all-posts/']
+
+    # def __init__(self):
+    #     self.browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="D:/Temp/chromedriver.exe")
+    #     super(JobboleSpider, self).__init__()
+    #     dispatcher.connect(self.spider_closed, signals.spider_closed)
+    #
+    # def spider_closed(self, spider):
+    #     #当爬虫退出的时候关闭chrome
+    #     print ("spider closed")
+    #     self.browser.quit()
+
+    #收集伯乐在线所有404的url以及404页面数
+    handle_httpstatus_list = [404]
+
+    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
+        self.fail_urls = []
+        dispatcher.connect(self.handle_spider_closed, signals.spider_closed)
+
+    def handle_spider_closed(self, spider, reason):
+        self.crawler.stats.set_value("failed_urls", ",".join(self.fail_urls))
+
+    def parse(self, response):
+        """
+        1. 获取文章列表页中的文章url并交给scrapy下载后并进行解析
+        2. 获取下一页的url并交给scrapy进行下载， 下载完成后交给parse
+        """
+        #解析列表页中的所有文章url并交给scrapy下载后并进行解析
+        if response.status == 404:
+            self.fail_urls.append(response.url)
+            self.crawler.stats.inc_value("failed_url")
+
+        # 获取所有文章链接
+        post_nodes = response.css("#archive .floated-thumb .post-thumb a")
+        for post_node in post_nodes:
+            image_url = post_node.css("img::attr(src)").extract_first("")   # 如果list为空，返回""
+            post_url = post_node.css("::attr(href)").extract_first("")
+            # yield语句直接将Request交给scrapy去下载, 实际上yield利用了twisted的异步机制
+            yield Request(url=parse.urljoin(response.url, post_url), meta={"front_image_url": image_url},
+                          callback=self.parse_detail)
+
+        #提取下一页并交给scrapy进行下载
+        next_url = response.css(".next.page-numbers::attr(href)").extract_first("")
+        # 如果有下一页
+        if next_url:
+            yield Request(url=parse.urljoin(response.url, post_url), callback=self.parse)
+
+    def parse_detail(self, response):
+        """
+        从每篇文章中提取结构化数据
+        :param response:
+        :return: article_item
+        """
+        article_item = JobBoleArticleItem()
+
+        # 通过xpath提取文章的具体字段
+        title = response.xpath('//div[@class="entry-header"]/h1/text()').extract_first("")
+
+        content = response.xpath("//div[@class='entry']").extract()[0]
+
+
+        # 通过css选择器提取字段
+        front_image_url = response.meta.get("front_image_url", "")  #文章封面图
+        # title = response.css(".entry-header h1::text").extract()[0]
+        #
+        # content = response.css("div.entry").extract()[0]
+
+        article_item["title"] = title
+        article_item["url"] = response.url
+        article_item["content"] = content
+
+
+        # 通过item loader加载item
+        # item_loader = ArticleItemLoader(item=JobBoleArticleItem(), response=response)
+        # item_loader.add_css("title", ".entry-header h1::text")
+        # item_loader.add_value("url", response.url)
+        # item_loader.add_css("content", "div.entry")
+
+        # article_item = item_loader.load_item()
+
+        yield article_item

ArticleSpider/spiders/lagou.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+from datetime import datetime
+import scrapy
+from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor
+from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
+
+from items import LagouJobItemLoader, LagouJobItem
+from ArticleSpider.utils.common import get_md5
+
+class LagouSpider(CrawlSpider):
+    name = 'lagou'
+    allowed_domains = ['www.lagou.com']
+    start_urls = ['https://www.lagou.com']
+
+    rules = (
+        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("zhaopin/.*",)), follow=True),
+        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=("gongsi/j\d+.html",)), follow=True),
+        Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'jobs/\d+.html'), callback='parse_job', follow=True),
+    )
+    #
+    # def parse_start_url(self, response):
+    #     return []
+    #
+    # def process_results(self, response, results):
+    #     return results
+
+    def parse_job(self, response):
+        #解析拉勾网的职位
+        item_loader = LagouJobItemLoader(item=LagouJobItem(), response=response)
+        item_loader.add_css("title", ".job-name::attr(title)")
+        item_loader.add_value("url", response.url)
+        item_loader.add_value("url_object_id", get_md5(response.url))
+        item_loader.add_css("salary", ".job_request .salary::text")
+        item_loader.add_xpath("job_city", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[2]/text()")
+        item_loader.add_xpath("work_years", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[3]/text()")
+        item_loader.add_xpath("degree_need", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[4]/text()")
+        item_loader.add_xpath("job_type", "//*[@class='job_request']/p/span[5]/text()")
+
+        item_loader.add_css("tags", '.position-label li::text')
+        item_loader.add_css("publish_time", ".publish_time::text")
+        item_loader.add_css("job_advantage", ".job-advantage p::text")
+        item_loader.add_css("job_desc", ".job_bt div")
+        item_loader.add_css("job_addr", ".work_addr")
+        item_loader.add_css("company_name", "#job_company dt a img::attr(alt)")
+        item_loader.add_css("company_url", "#job_company dt a::attr(href)")
+        item_loader.add_value("crawl_time", datetime.now())
+
+        job_item = item_loader.load_item()
+
+        return job_item

ArticleSpider/spiders/zhihu.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+import re
+import json
+import datetime
+
+try:
+    import urlparse as parse
+except:
+    from urllib import parse
+
+import scrapy
+from scrapy.loader import ItemLoader
+from items import ZhihuQuestionItem, ZhihuAnswerItem
+
+
+class ZhihuSpider(scrapy.Spider):
+    name = "zhihu"
+    allowed_domains = ["www.zhihu.com"]
+    start_urls = ['https://www.zhihu.com/']
+
+    #question的第一页answer的请求url
+    start_answer_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/questions/{0}/answers?sort_by=default&include=data%5B%2A%5D.is_normal%2Cis_sticky%2Ccollapsed_by%2Csuggest_edit%2Ccomment_count%2Ccollapsed_counts%2Creviewing_comments_count%2Ccan_comment%2Ccontent%2Ceditable_content%2Cvoteup_count%2Creshipment_settings%2Ccomment_permission%2Cmark_infos%2Ccreated_time%2Cupdated_time%2Crelationship.is_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%2Cupvoted_followees%3Bdata%5B%2A%5D.author.is_blocking%2Cis_blocked%2Cis_followed%2Cvoteup_count%2Cmessage_thread_token%2Cbadge%5B%3F%28type%3Dbest_answerer%29%5D.topics&limit={1}&offset={2}"
+
+    headers = {
+        "HOST": "www.zhihu.com",
+        "Referer": "https://www.zhizhu.com",
+        'User-Agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:51.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/51.0"
+    }
+
+    custom_settings = {
+        "COOKIES_ENABLED": True
+    }
+
+    def parse(self, response):
+        """
+        提取出html页面中的所有url 并跟踪这些url进行一步爬取
+        如果提取的url中格式为 /question/xxx 就下载之后直接进入解析函数
+        """
+        all_urls = response.css("a::attr(href)").extract()
+        all_urls = [parse.urljoin(response.url, url) for url in all_urls]
+        all_urls = filter(lambda x:True if x.startswith("https") else False, all_urls)
+        for url in all_urls:
+            match_obj = re.match("(.*zhihu.com/question/(\d+))(/|$).*", url)
+            if match_obj:
+                #如果提取到question相关的页面则下载后交由提取函数进行提取
+                request_url = match_obj.group(1)
+                yield scrapy.Request(request_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_question)
+            else:
+                #如果不是question页面则直接进一步跟踪
+                yield scrapy.Request(url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse)
+
+    def parse_question(self, response):
+        #处理question页面， 从页面中提取出具体的question item
+        if "QuestionHeader-title" in response.text:
+            #处理新版本
+            match_obj = re.match("(.*zhihu.com/question/(\d+))(/|$).*", response.url)
+            if match_obj:
+                question_id = int(match_obj.group(2))
+
+            item_loader = ItemLoader(item=ZhihuQuestionItem(), response=response)
+            item_loader.add_css("title", "h1.QuestionHeader-title::text")
+            item_loader.add_css("content", ".QuestionHeader-detail")
+            item_loader.add_value("url", response.url)
+            item_loader.add_value("zhihu_id", question_id)
+            item_loader.add_css("answer_num", ".List-headerText span::text")
+            item_loader.add_css("comments_num", ".QuestionHeader-actions button::text")
+            item_loader.add_css("watch_user_num", ".NumberBoard-value::text")
+            item_loader.add_css("topics", ".QuestionHeader-topics .Popover div::text")
+
+            question_item = item_loader.load_item()
+        else:
+            #处理老版本页面的item提取
+            match_obj = re.match("(.*zhihu.com/question/(\d+))(/|$).*", response.url)
+            if match_obj:
+                question_id = int(match_obj.group(2))
+
+            item_loader = ItemLoader(item=ZhihuQuestionItem(), response=response)
+            # item_loader.add_css("title", ".zh-question-title h2 a::text")
+            item_loader.add_xpath("title", "//*[@id='zh-question-title']/h2/a/text()|//*[@id='zh-question-title']/h2/span/text()")
+            item_loader.add_css("content", "#zh-question-detail")
+            item_loader.add_value("url", response.url)
+            item_loader.add_value("zhihu_id", question_id)
+            item_loader.add_css("answer_num", "#zh-question-answer-num::text")
+            item_loader.add_css("comments_num", "#zh-question-meta-wrap a[name='addcomment']::text")
+            # item_loader.add_css("watch_user_num", "#zh-question-side-header-wrap::text")
+            item_loader.add_xpath("watch_user_num", "//*[@id='zh-question-side-header-wrap']/text()|//*[@class='zh-question-followers-sidebar']/div/a/strong/text()")
+            item_loader.add_css("topics", ".zm-tag-editor-labels a::text")
+
+            question_item = item_loader.load_item()
+
+        yield scrapy.Request(self.start_answer_url.format(question_id, 20, 0), headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_answer)
+        yield question_item
+
+    def parse_answer(self, reponse):
+        #处理question的answer
+        ans_json = json.loads(reponse.text)
+        is_end = ans_json["paging"]["is_end"]
+        next_url = ans_json["paging"]["next"]
+
+        #提取answer的具体字段
+        for answer in ans_json["data"]:
+            answer_item = ZhihuAnswerItem()
+            answer_item["zhihu_id"] = answer["id"]
+            answer_item["url"] = answer["url"]
+            answer_item["question_id"] = answer["question"]["id"]
+            answer_item["author_id"] = answer["author"]["id"] if "id" in answer["author"] else None
+            answer_item["content"] = answer["content"] if "content" in answer else None
+            answer_item["parise_num"] = answer["voteup_count"]
+            answer_item["comments_num"] = answer["comment_count"]
+            answer_item["create_time"] = answer["created_time"]
+            answer_item["update_time"] = answer["updated_time"]
+            answer_item["crawl_time"] = datetime.datetime.now()
+
+            yield answer_item
+
+        if not is_end:
+            yield scrapy.Request(next_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_answer)
+
+    def start_requests(self):
+        return [scrapy.Request('https://www.zhihu.com/#signin', headers=self.headers, callback=self.login)]
+
+    def login(self, response):
+        response_text = response.text
+        match_obj = re.match('.*name="_xsrf" value="(.*?)"', response_text, re.DOTALL)
+        xsrf = ''
+        if match_obj:
+            xsrf = (match_obj.group(1))
+
+        if xsrf:
+            post_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num"
+            post_data = {
+                "_xsrf": xsrf,
+                "phone_num": "",
+                "password": "",
+                "captcha": ""
+            }
+
+            import time
+            t = str(int(time.time() * 1000))
+            captcha_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r={0}&type=login".format(t)
+            yield scrapy.Request(captcha_url, headers=self.headers, meta={"post_data":post_data}, callback=self.login_after_captcha)
+
+
+    def login_after_captcha(self, response):
+        with open("captcha.jpg", "wb") as f:
+            f.write(response.body)
+            f.close()
+
+        from PIL import Image
+        try:
+            im = Image.open('captcha.jpg')
+            im.show()
+            im.close()
+        except:
+            pass
+
+        captcha = input("输入验证码\n>")
+
+        post_data = response.meta.get("post_data", {})
+        post_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num"
+        post_data["captcha"] = captcha
+        return [scrapy.FormRequest(
+            url=post_url,
+            formdata=post_data,
+            headers=self.headers,
+            callback=self.check_login
+        )]
+
+    def check_login(self, response):
+        #验证服务器的返回数据判断是否成功
+        text_json = json.loads(response.text)
+        if "msg" in text_json and text_json["msg"] == "登录成功":
+            for url in self.start_urls:
+                yield scrapy.Request(url, dont_filter=True, headers=self.headers)
+

ArticleSpider/utils/__init__.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'

ArticleSpider/utils/bloomfilter.py

+import mmh3
+import BitVector
+import redis
+import math
+import time
+
+
+class BloomFilter():
+    #内置100个随机种子
+    SEEDS = [543, 460, 171, 876, 796, 607, 650, 81, 837, 545, 591, 946, 846, 521, 913, 636, 878, 735, 414, 372,
+             344, 324, 223, 180, 327, 891, 798, 933, 493, 293, 836, 10, 6, 544, 924, 849, 438, 41, 862, 648, 338,
+             465, 562, 693, 979, 52, 763, 103, 387, 374, 349, 94, 384, 680, 574, 480, 307, 580, 71, 535, 300, 53,
+             481, 519, 644, 219, 686, 236, 424, 326, 244, 212, 909, 202, 951, 56, 812, 901, 926, 250, 507, 739, 371,
+             63, 584, 154, 7, 284, 617, 332, 472, 140, 605, 262, 355, 526, 647, 923, 199, 518]
+
+    #capacity是预先估计要去重的数量
+    #error_rate表示错误率
+    #conn表示redis的连接客户端
+    #key表示在redis中的键的名字前缀
+    def __init__(self, capacity=1000000000, error_rate=0.00000001, conn=None, key='BloomFilter'):
+        self.m = math.ceil(capacity*math.log2(math.e)*math.log2(1/error_rate))      #需要的总bit位数
+        self.k = math.ceil(math.log1p(2)*self.m/capacity)                           #需要最少的hash次数
+        self.mem = math.ceil(self.m/8/1024/1024)                                    #需要的多少M内存
+        self.blocknum = math.ceil(self.mem/512)                                     #需要多少个512M的内存块,value的第一个字符必须是ascii码，所有最多有256个内存块
+        self.seeds = self.SEEDS[0:self.k]
+        self.key = key
+        self.N = 2**31-1
+        self.redis = conn
+        if not self.redis:
+            #默认如果没有redis连接，在内存中使用512M的内存块去重
+            self.bitset = BitVector.BitVector(size=1<<32)
+        print(self.mem)
+        print(self.k)
+
+    def add(self, value):
+        name = self.key + "_" + str(ord(value[0])%self.blocknum)
+        hashs = self.get_hashs(value)
+        for hash in hashs:
+            if self.redis:
+                self.redis.setbit(name, hash, 1)
+            else:
+                self.bitset[hash] = 1
+
+    def is_exist(self, value):
+        name = self.key + "_" + str(ord(value[0])%self.blocknum)
+        hashs = self.get_hashs(value)
+        exist = True
+        for hash in hashs:
+            if self.redis:
+                exist = exist & self.redis.getbit(name, hash)
+            else:
+                exist = exist & self.bitset[hash]
+        return exist
+
+    def get_hashs(self, value):
+        hashs = list()
+        for seed in self.seeds:
+            hash = mmh3.hash(value, seed)
+            if hash >= 0:
+                hashs.append(hash)
+            else:
+                hashs.append(self.N - hash)
+        return hashs
+
+
+pool = redis.ConnectionPool(host='127.0.0.1', port=6379, db=0)
+conn = redis.StrictRedis(connection_pool=pool)
+
+start = time.time()
+bf = BloomFilter(conn=conn)
+bf.add('test')
+bf.add('fsest1')
+print(bf.is_exist('qest'))
+print(bf.is_exist('testdsad'))
+end = time.time()
+print(end-start)
\ No newline at end of file

ArticleSpider/utils/common.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+import hashlib
+import re
+
+
+def get_md5(url):
+    if isinstance(url, str):
+        url = url.encode("utf-8")
+    m = hashlib.md5()
+    m.update(url)
+    return m.hexdigest()
+
+
+def extract_num(text):
+    #从字符串中提取出数字
+    match_re = re.match(".*?(\d+).*", text)
+    if match_re:
+        nums = int(match_re.group(1))
+    else:
+        nums = 0
+
+    return nums
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    print (get_md5("http://jobbole.com".encode("utf-8")))
\ No newline at end of file

ArticleSpider/utils/zhihu_login_requests.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+
+import requests
+try:
+    import cookielib
+except:
+    import http.cookiejar as cookielib
+
+import re
+
+session = requests.session()
+session.cookies = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(filename="cookies.txt")
+try:
+    session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
+except:
+    print ("cookie未能加载")
+
+agent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:51.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/51.0"
+header = {
+    "HOST":"www.zhihu.com",
+    "Referer": "https://www.zhizhu.com",
+    'User-Agent': agent
+}
+
+def is_login():
+    #通过个人中心页面返回状态码来判断是否为登录状态
+    inbox_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/question/56250357/answer/148534773"
+    response = session.get(inbox_url, headers=header, allow_redirects=False)
+    if response.status_code != 200:
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+def get_xsrf():
+    #获取xsrf code
+    response = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com", headers=header)
+    match_obj = re.match('.*name="_xsrf" value="(.*?)"', response.text)
+    if match_obj:
+        return (match_obj.group(1))
+    else:
+        return ""
+
+
+def get_index():
+    response = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com", headers=header)
+    with open("index_page.html", "wb") as f:
+        f.write(response.text.encode("utf-8"))
+    print ("ok")
+
+def get_captcha():
+    import time
+    t = str(int(time.time()*1000))
+    captcha_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r={0}&type=login".format(t)
+    t = session.get(captcha_url, headers=header)
+    with open("captcha.jpg","wb") as f:
+        f.write(t.content)
+        f.close()
+
+    from PIL import Image
+    try:
+        im = Image.open('captcha.jpg')
+        im.show()
+        im.close()
+    except:
+        pass
+
+    captcha = input("输入验证码\n>")
+    return captcha
+
+def zhihu_login(account, password):
+    #知乎登录
+    if re.match("^1\d{10}",account):
+        print ("手机号码登录")
+        post_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/phone_num"
+        post_data = {
+            "_xsrf": get_xsrf(),
+            "phone_num": account,
+            "password": password,
+            "captcha":get_captcha()
+        }
+    else:
+        if "@" in account:
+            #判断用户名是否为邮箱
+            print("邮箱方式登录")
+            post_url = "https://www.zhihu.com/login/email"
+            post_data = {
+                "_xsrf": get_xsrf(),
+                "email": account,
+                "password": password
+            }
+
+    response_text = session.post(post_url, data=post_data, headers=header)
+    session.cookies.save()
+
+zhihu_login("18782902568", "admin123")
+# get_index()
+is_login()
+
+# get_captcha()
\ No newline at end of file

job_info/001/requests.queue/active.json

+[0]
\ No newline at end of file

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main.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'ian'
+
+from scrapy.cmdline import execute
+
+import sys
+import os
+
+sys.path.append(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
+execute(["scrapy", "crawl", "jobbole"]) # 相当于执行scrapy crawl jobbole
+# execute(["scrapy", "crawl", "zhihu"])
+# execute(["scrapy", "crawl", "lagou"])
\ No newline at end of file

page.html

+<!doctype html>
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class="internal">为什么说知乎的问题是公共资源而非个人所属？</a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19552850" class="internal">为什么知乎鼓励让问题减少个人特色？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/21290061" class="internal">为什么部分问题会被「关闭」「建议修改」？</a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19555326" class="internal">怎样删除一个自己提出的问题？</a><br></li></ul><br>【关于话题】<br><ul><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544737" class="internal">为什么要给问题添加话题？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544783" class="internal">如何给问题合理地添加话题？ </a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581435" class="internal">在知乎上添加话题有哪些规范？需要注意哪些？ </a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19551643" class="internal">「话题」和「标签」有什么不同？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581611" class="internal">什么是「话题经验」？如何添加话题经验？</a><br></li></ul><br>【关于回答】<ul><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550695" class="internal">在知乎上回答问题应该注意些什么？</a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581512" class="internal">怎么正确使用知乎的「赞同、反对、感谢、没有帮助」功能？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20120168" class="internal">为什么知乎的部分回答会被折叠？折叠和「没有帮助」有什么关系？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20258015" class="internal">在知乎上进行转载或引用应该注意什么？</a></li><li>（新增）<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20807001" class="internal">如何使用知乎的「禁止转载」功能？</a><br></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20064580" class="internal">知乎上的图片使用规范有哪些？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20118966" class="internal">知乎上的视频使用规范有哪些？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19576738" class="internal">知乎如何对回答进行排序？</a><br></li></ul><br>【关于公共编辑】<br><ul><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/24501563" class="internal">如何参与知乎问题的公共编辑？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/23261456/answer/24368082" class="internal">如何参与知乎话题的公共编辑？</a></li><li><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20692213" class="internal">「公共编辑动态」是什么？如何使用？</a></li><li><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715250/answer/131710654" class="internal">如何申请话题索引的编辑权限？ </a><br></li><li><a href="https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715142" class="internal">索引页面的公共编辑规范有哪些？</a><br></li></ul><br>【其他】<ul><li>用户名：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19551824" class="internal">在知乎上必须使用真实姓名吗？</a></li><li>企业用户：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550235" class="internal">公司或组织可以注册知乎吗？</a><br></li><li>匿名：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581541" class="internal">如何正确使用知乎上的「匿名身份」功能？</a><br></li><li>隐私：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19564411" class="internal">知乎如何处理用户隐私？</a></li><li>手机客户端：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/19582972" class="internal">知乎有没有针对 iPhone、Android 等手机的客户端或 Wap 版？</a></li><li>（新增）禁言：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20893547" class="internal">什么是知乎禁言机制？哪些行为会导致被禁言？</a><br></li><li>举报：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/20959801" class="internal">知乎举报功能如何使用？</a></li><li>限制数量：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/21357427" class="internal">在知乎提问和答题每天有数量的限制了？具体规则是什么？</a><br></li><li>专栏：<a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/30392735" class="internal">如何申请和使用知乎专栏？</a><a href="http://www.zhihu.com/question/30443555" class="internal">如何使用知乎专栏？</a></li></ul><br>以上内容正在不断修正中。</span><div class="ContentItem-time"><a href="/question/19581624/answer/95067673" target="_blank"><span data-tooltip="发布于 2016-04-13">编辑于 2016-12-01</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ContentItem-actions"><span><button class="VoteButton VoteButton--up" aria-label="赞同"><svg viewBox="0 0 20 18" class="Icon VoteButton-upIcon Icon--triangle" style="height:16px;width:9px;" width="9" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><title></title><g><path d="M0 15.243c0-.326.088-.533.236-.896l7.98-13.204C8.57.57 9.086 0 10 0s1.43.57 1.784 1.143l7.98 13.204c.15.363.236.57.236.896 0 1.386-.875 1.9-1.955 1.9H1.955c-1.08 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&lt;br&gt;知乎官方指南的主要问题有哪些？&amp;nbsp;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581624&quot;,&quot;excerpt&quot;:&quot;知乎产品使用指南，和知乎的社区规范。 知乎官方指南的主要问题有哪些？ http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581624 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href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20133162\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的社区基本原则是什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;【知乎入门】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550225\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19790711\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎不可以做哪些事？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20239684\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上，什么是不友善内容？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24039476\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的不友善内容会被怎样处理？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24039610\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如果在知乎上发布了不友善内容，帐号可能会被怎样处理？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于提问】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550238\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么别人可以修改我在知乎上的提问？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19806261\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的提问规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20414919\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的问题修改规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19567351\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎提的问题无人问津，有什么办法可以重新让人讨论这个问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550701\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎对于那些能直接通过 Google、维基百科等找到答案的问题是什么态度？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19570036\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;什么是「问题重定向」？如何正确使用该功能解决重复问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550674\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么说知乎的问题是公共资源而非个人所属？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19552850\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么知乎鼓励让问题减少个人特色？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21290061\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么部分问题会被「关闭」「建议修改」？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19555326\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;怎样删除一个自己提出的问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于话题】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544737\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么要给问题添加话题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544783\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何给问题合理地添加话题？ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581435\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上添加话题有哪些规范？需要注意哪些？ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19551643\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;「话题」和「标签」有什么不同？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581611\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;什么是「话题经验」？如何添加话题经验？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于回答】&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550695\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上回答问题应该注意些什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581512\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;怎么正确使用知乎的「赞同、反对、感谢、没有帮助」功能？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20120168\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么知乎的部分回答会被折叠？折叠和「没有帮助」有什么关系？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20258015\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上进行转载或引用应该注意什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20807001\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎的「禁止转载」功能？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20064580\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的图片使用规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20118966\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的视频使用规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19576738\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎如何对回答进行排序？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于公共编辑】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24501563\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何参与知乎问题的公共编辑？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/23261456/answer/24368082\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何参与知乎话题的公共编辑？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20692213\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;「公共编辑动态」是什么？如何使用？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715250/answer/131710654\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何申请话题索引的编辑权限？ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715142\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;索引页面的公共编辑规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【其他】&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;用户名：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19551824\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上必须使用真实姓名吗？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;企业用户：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550235\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;公司或组织可以注册知乎吗？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;匿名：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581541\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何正确使用知乎上的「匿名身份」功能？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;隐私：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19564411\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎如何处理用户隐私？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;手机客户端：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19582972\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎有没有针对 iPhone、Android 等手机的客户端或 Wap 版？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）禁言：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20893547\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;什么是知乎禁言机制？哪些行为会导致被禁言？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;举报：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20959801\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎举报功能如何使用？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;限制数量：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21357427\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎提问和答题每天有数量的限制了？具体规则是什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;专栏：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/30392735\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何申请和使用知乎专栏？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/30443555\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎专栏？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;以上内容正在不断修正中。&quot;,&quot;markInfos&quot;:[],&quot;excerpt&quot;:&quot;知乎的社区基本原则是什么？ 【知乎入门】 如何使用知乎？ 在知乎不可以做哪些事？ （新增）在知乎上，什么是不友善内容？ （新增）知乎上的不友善内容会被怎样处理？ （新增）如果在知乎上发布了不友善内容，帐号可能会被怎样处理？ 【关于提问】 为什么别人可以修改我在知乎上的提问？ 知乎的提问规范有哪些？ 知乎的问题修改规范有哪些？ 在知乎提的问题无人问津，有什么办法可以重新让人讨论这个问题？ 知乎对于那些能直接通过 … &quot;,&quot;thumbnail&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;createdTime&quot;:1460525294,&quot;id&quot;:95067673,&quot;voteupCount&quot;:159,&quot;author&quot;:{&quot;isFollowed&quot;:false,&quot;avatarUrlTemplate&quot;:&quot;https://pic3.zhimg.com/34bf96bf5584ac4b5264bd7ed4fdbc5a_{size}.jpg&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;知乎小管家&quot;,&quot;avatarUrl&quot;:&quot;https://pic3.zhimg.com/34bf96bf5584ac4b5264bd7ed4fdbc5a_is.jpg&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/people/3d198a56310c02c4a83efb9f4a4c027e&quot;,&quot;gender&quot;:0,&quot;userType&quot;:&quot;people&quot;,&quot;urlToken&quot;:&quot;zhihuadmin&quot;,&quot;headline&quot;:&quot;欢迎反馈问题和建议！&quot;,&quot;messageThreadToken&quot;:&quot;6479654600&quot;,&quot;badge&quot;:[{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;identity&quot;,&quot;description&quot;:&quot;知乎官方帐号&quot;}],&quot;isOrg&quot;:false,&quot;isAdvertiser&quot;:false,&quot;isBlocking&quot;:false,&quot;isBlocked&quot;:false,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;people&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;3d198a56310c02c4a83efb9f4a4c027e&quot;},&quot;question&quot;:{&quot;created&quot;:1301118908,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/questions/19581624&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;属于「知乎官方指南」的问答有哪些？&quot;,&quot;updatedTime&quot;:1467686726,&quot;questionType&quot;:&quot;normal&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;question&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:19581624},&quot;content&quot;:&quot;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20133162\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的社区基本原则是什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;【知乎入门】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550225\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19790711\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎不可以做哪些事？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20239684\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上，什么是不友善内容？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24039476\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的不友善内容会被怎样处理？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24039610\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如果在知乎上发布了不友善内容，帐号可能会被怎样处理？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于提问】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550238\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么别人可以修改我在知乎上的提问？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19806261\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的提问规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20414919\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎的问题修改规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19567351\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎提的问题无人问津，有什么办法可以重新让人讨论这个问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550701\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎对于那些能直接通过 Google、维基百科等找到答案的问题是什么态度？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19570036\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;什么是「问题重定向」？如何正确使用该功能解决重复问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550674\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么说知乎的问题是公共资源而非个人所属？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19552850\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么知乎鼓励让问题减少个人特色？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21290061\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么部分问题会被「关闭」「建议修改」？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19555326\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;怎样删除一个自己提出的问题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于话题】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544737\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;为什么要给问题添加话题？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21544783\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何给问题合理地添加话题？ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581435\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上添加话题有哪些规范？需要注意哪些？ 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href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20807001\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎的「禁止转载」功能？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20064580\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的图片使用规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20118966\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎上的视频使用规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19576738\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎如何对回答进行排序？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【关于公共编辑】&lt;br&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/24501563\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何参与知乎问题的公共编辑？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/23261456/answer/24368082\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何参与知乎话题的公共编辑？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20692213\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;「公共编辑动态」是什么？如何使用？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715250/answer/131710654\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何申请话题索引的编辑权限？ &lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;https://www.zhihu.com/question/52715142\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;索引页面的公共编辑规范有哪些？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;【其他】&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;用户名：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19551824\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎上必须使用真实姓名吗？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;企业用户：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19550235\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;公司或组织可以注册知乎吗？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;匿名：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19581541\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何正确使用知乎上的「匿名身份」功能？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;隐私：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19564411\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎如何处理用户隐私？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;手机客户端：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/19582972\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎有没有针对 iPhone、Android 等手机的客户端或 Wap 版？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;（新增）禁言：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20893547\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;什么是知乎禁言机制？哪些行为会导致被禁言？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;举报：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/20959801\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;知乎举报功能如何使用？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;限制数量：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/21357427\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;在知乎提问和答题每天有数量的限制了？具体规则是什么？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;专栏：&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/30392735\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何申请和使用知乎专栏？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=\&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/question/30443555\&quot; class=\&quot;internal\&quot;&gt;如何使用知乎专栏？&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;br&gt;以上内容正在不断修正中。&quot;,&quot;reviewingCommentsCount&quot;:0,&quot;commentCount&quot;:27,&quot;reshipmentSettings&quot;:&quot;allowed&quot;,&quot;type&quot;:&quot;answer&quot;,&quot;suggestEdit&quot;:{&quot;status&quot;:false,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;tip&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reason&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;unnormalDetails&quot;:null},&quot;relationship&quot;:{&quot;upvotedFollowees&quot;:[],&quot;isAuthor&quot;:false,&quot;isThanked&quot;:false,&quot;isNothelp&quot;:false,&quot;voting&quot;:0},&quot;collapsedCounts&quot;:0,&quot;collapsedBy&quot;:&quot;nobody&quot;,&quot;isCopyable&quot;:true,&quot;isCollapsed&quot;:false,&quot;url&quot;:&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/answers/95067673&quot;,&quot;commentPermission&quot;:&quot;all&quot;,&quot;isSticky&quot;:null,&quot;updatedTime&quot;:1480569461,&quot;extras&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;canComment&quot;:{&quot;status&quot;:true,&quot;reason&quot;:&quot;&quot;},&quot;isNormal&quot;:true}},&quot;articles&quot;:{},&quot;columns&quot;:{},&quot;topics&quot;:{},&quot;roundtables&quot;:{},&quot;favlists&quot;:{},&quot;comments&quot;:{},&quot;notifications&quot;:{},&quot;publications&quot;:{}},&quot;people&quot;:{&quot;isFetching&quot;:false,&quot;activitiesByUser&quot;:{},&quot;answersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;answersSortByVotesByUser&quot;:{},&quot;answersMarkedByUser&quot;:{},&quot;votedAnswersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;thankedAnswersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;voteAnswersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;thankAnswersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;topicAnswersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;articlesByUser&quot;:{},&quot;articlesSortByVotesByUser&quot;:{},&quot;pinsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;questionsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;commercialQuestionsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;favlistsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followingByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followersByUser&quot;:{},&quot;mutualsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followingColumnsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followingQuestionsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followingFavlistsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;followingTopicsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;publicationsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;columnsByUser&quot;:{},&quot;allFavlistsByUser&quot;:{}},&quot;question&quot;:{&quot;followers&quot;:{},&quot;answers&quot;:{&quot;19581624&quot;:{&quot;isFetching&quot;:false,&quot;isDrained&quot;:true,&quot;ids&quot;:[95067673],&quot;totals&quot;:1,&quot;isPrevDrained&quot;:true,&quot;previous&quot;:&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/questions/19581624/answers?sort_by=default&amp;include=data%5B%2A%5D.is_normal%2Cis_sticky%2Ccollapsed_by%2Csuggest_edit%2Ccomment_count%2Ccollapsed_counts%2Creviewing_comments_count%2Ccan_comment%2Ccontent%2Ceditable_content%2Cvoteup_count%2Creshipment_settings%2Ccomment_permission%2Cmark_infos%2Ccreated_time%2Cupdated_time%2Crelationship.is_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%2Cupvoted_followees%3Bdata%5B%2A%5D.author.is_blocking%2Cis_blocked%2Cis_followed%2Cvoteup_count%2Cmessage_thread_token%2Cbadge%5B%3F%28type%3Dbest_answerer%29%5D.topics&amp;limit=3&amp;offset=0&quot;,&quot;next&quot;:&quot;http://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/questions/19581624/answers?sort_by=default&amp;include=data%5B%2A%5D.is_normal%2Cis_sticky%2Ccollapsed_by%2Csuggest_edit%2Ccomment_count%2Ccollapsed_counts%2Creviewing_comments_count%2Ccan_comment%2Ccontent%2Ceditable_content%2Cvoteup_count%2Creshipment_settings%2Ccomment_permission%2Cmark_infos%2Ccreated_time%2Cupdated_time%2Crelationship.is_author%2Cvoting%2Cis_thanked%2Cis_nothelp%2Cupvoted_followees%3Bdata%5B%2A%5D.author.is_blocking%2Cis_blocked%2Cis_followed%2Cvoteup_count%2Cmessage_thread_token%2Cbadge%5B%3F%28type%3Dbest_answerer%29%5D.topics&amp;limit=3&amp;offset=3&quot;}},&quot;createdAnswers&quot;:{},&quot;collapsedAnswers&quot;:{},&quot;notificationAnswers&quot;:{},&quot;invitationCandidates&quot;:{},&quot;inviters&quot;:{},&quot;invitees&quot;:{},&quot;similarQuestions&quot;:{},&quot;relatedLives&quot;:{},&quot;bio&quot;:{},&quot;brand&quot;:{}},&quot;comments&quot;:{&quot;pagination&quot;:{},&quot;reverse&quot;:{},&quot;reviewing&quot;:{},&quot;conversation&quot;:{}},&quot;currentUser&quot;:&quot;bobby-14-18&quot;,&quot;shareTexts&quot;:{},&quot;pushNotifications&quot;:{&quot;default&quot;:{&quot;isFetching&quot;:false,&quot;isDrained&quot;:false,&quot;ids&quot;:[]},&quot;follow&quot;:{&quot;isFetching&quot;:false,&quot;isDrained&quot;:false,&quot;ids&quot;:[]},&quot;vote-thank&quot;:{&quot;isFetching&quot;:false,&quot;isDrained&quot;:false,&quot;ids&quot;:[]},&quot;currentTab&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;notificationsCount&quot;:{&quot;default&quot;:0,&quot;follow&quot;:0,&quot;vote-thank&quot;:0}},&quot;messages&quot;:{&quot;data&quot;:{},&quot;currentTab&quot;:&quot;common&quot;,&quot;messageCount&quot;:0},&quot;notification&quot;:{},&quot;token&quot;:{&quot;carCompose&quot;:&quot;QUdBQ2tCSTNQZ3NYQUFBQVlRSlZUVXlEMmxnMDJZaHVkdjJQT1pJeEMtV213aEtFUUh2RUZ3PT0=|1488123471|9b8e05f643d4e1528322770c44518f9a3d0891b9&quot;,&quot;xUDID&quot;:&quot;ABCCJTbYXguPTlhA2KF3y1imFiI1pkKUin4=&quot;},&quot;upload&quot;:{},&quot;answers&quot;:{&quot;voters&quot;:{},&quot;copyrightApplicants&quot;:{},&quot;favlists&quot;:{}},&quot;banner&quot;:{},&quot;captcha&quot;:{&quot;captchaNeeded&quot;:false,&quot;captchaBase64String&quot;:null,&quot;captchaValidationMessage&quot;:null,&quot;loginCaptchaExpires&quot;:false},&quot;topics&quot;:{&quot;bios&quot;:{}},&quot;sms&quot;:{&quot;supportedCountries&quot;:[]},&quot;register&quot;:{&quot;registerValidateSucceeded&quot;:null,&quot;registerValidateErrors&quot;:{},&quot;registerConfirmError&quot;:null,&quot;sendDigitsError&quot;:null,&quot;registerConfirmSucceeded&quot;:null},&quot;login&quot;:{&quot;loginConfirmError&quot;:null,&quot;sendDigitsError&quot;:null,&quot;loginConfirmSucceeded&quot;:null},&quot;active&quot;:{&quot;sendDigitsError&quot;:null,&quot;activeConfirmSucceeded&quot;:null,&quot;activeConfirmError&quot;:null},&quot;passwordReset&quot;:{&quot;loginConfirmError&quot;:null,&quot;sendDigitsError&quot;:null,&quot;loginConfirmSucceeded&quot;:null,&quot;resetPasswordSucceeded&quot;:null,&quot;resetPasswordError&quot;:null},&quot;explore&quot;:{&quot;recommendations&quot;:{}},&quot;articles&quot;:{&quot;voters&quot;:{}},&quot;favlists&quot;:{&quot;relations&quot;:{}},&quot;pins&quot;:{&quot;voters&quot;:{}},&quot;settings&quot;:{&quot;experiment&quot;:{&quot;default&quot;:&quot;None&quot;,&quot;ge3&quot;:&quot;ge3_9&quot;,&quot;new_more&quot;:&quot;old&quot;}}}" data-config="{&quot;apiAddress&quot;:&quot;https://www.zhihu.com/api/v4/&quot;,&quot;filterPrefixArray&quot;:[&quot;v3&quot;],&quot;deployEnv&quot;:&quot;production&quot;}" data-reactid="20"></div><script src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/vendor.3acf80159dd6a4c34062.js" data-reactid="21"></script><script src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/main.raven.3ca24707992fda54d934.js" async="" data-reactid="22"></script><script src="https://static.zhihu.com/heifetz/main.app.40ef4355ca476ca18a3f.js" data-reactid="23"></script></body></html>
\ No newline at end of file

requirements.txt

+asn1crypto==0.23.0
+attrs==17.3.0
+Automat==0.6.0
+certifi==2017.11.5
+cffi==1.11.2
+chardet==3.0.4
+constantly==15.1.0
+cryptography==2.1.3
+cssselect==1.0.1
+elasticsearch==6.0.0
+enum34==1.1.6
+hyperlink==17.3.1
+idna==2.6
+incremental==17.5.0
+ipaddress==1.0.18
+lxml==4.1.1
+mysqlclient==1.3.12
+olefile==0.44
+parsel==1.2.0
+Pillow==4.3.0
+pyasn1==0.3.7
+pyasn1-modules==0.1.5
+pycparser==2.18
+PyDispatcher==2.0.5
+pyOpenSSL==17.3.0
+queuelib==1.4.2
+requests==2.18.4
+Scrapy==1.4.0
+service-identity==17.0.0
+six==1.11.0
+Twisted==17.9.0
+urllib3==1.22
+w3lib==1.18.0
+zope.interface==4.4.3

scrapy.cfg

+# Automatically created by: scrapy startproject
+#
+# For more information about the [deploy] section see:
+# https://scrapyd.readthedocs.org/en/latest/deploy.html
+
+[settings]
+default = ArticleSpider.settings
+# shell = bpython
+
+[deploy:bobby]
+url = http://localhost:6800/
+project = ArticleSpider

setup.py

+# Automatically created by: scrapyd-deploy
+
+from setuptools import setup, find_packages
+
+setup(
+    name         = 'project',
+    version      = '1.0',
+    packages     = find_packages(),
+    entry_points = {'scrapy': ['settings = ArticleSpider.settings']},
+)

test.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+
+import redis
+redis_cli = redis.StrictRedis()
+redis_cli.incr("jobbole_count")
+

tools/__init__.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'

tools/crawl_xici_ip.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+import requests
+from scrapy.selector import Selector
+import MySQLdb
+
+conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="127.0.0.1", user="root", passwd="root", db="article_spider", charset="utf8")
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+
+
+def crawl_ips():
+    #爬取西刺的免费ip代理
+    headers = {"User-Agent":"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:52.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/52.0"}
+    for i in range(1568):
+        re = requests.get("http://www.xicidaili.com/nn/{0}".format(i), headers=headers)
+
+        selector = Selector(text=re.text)
+        all_trs = selector.css("#ip_list tr")
+
+
+        ip_list = []
+        for tr in all_trs[1:]:
+            speed_str = tr.css(".bar::attr(title)").extract()[0]
+            if speed_str:
+                speed = float(speed_str.split("秒")[0])
+            all_texts = tr.css("td::text").extract()
+
+            ip = all_texts[0]
+            port = all_texts[1]
+            proxy_type = all_texts[5]
+
+            ip_list.append((ip, port, proxy_type, speed))
+
+        for ip_info in ip_list:
+            cursor.execute(
+                "insert proxy_ip(ip, port, speed, proxy_type) VALUES('{0}', '{1}', {2}, 'HTTP')".format(
+                    ip_info[0], ip_info[1], ip_info[3]
+                )
+            )
+
+            conn.commit()
+
+
+class GetIP(object):
+    def delete_ip(self, ip):
+        #从数据库中删除无效的ip
+        delete_sql = """
+            delete from proxy_ip where ip='{0}'
+        """.format(ip)
+        cursor.execute(delete_sql)
+        conn.commit()
+        return True
+
+    def judge_ip(self, ip, port):
+        #判断ip是否可用
+        http_url = "http://www.baidu.com"
+        proxy_url = "http://{0}:{1}".format(ip, port)
+        try:
+            proxy_dict = {
+                "http":proxy_url,
+            }
+            response = requests.get(http_url, proxies=proxy_dict)
+        except Exception as e:
+            print ("invalid ip and port")
+            self.delete_ip(ip)
+            return False
+        else:
+            code = response.status_code
+            if code >= 200 and code < 300:
+                print ("effective ip")
+                return True
+            else:
+                print  ("invalid ip and port")
+                self.delete_ip(ip)
+                return False
+
+
+    def get_random_ip(self):
+        #从数据库中随机获取一个可用的ip
+        random_sql = """
+              SELECT ip, port FROM proxy_ip
+            ORDER BY RAND()
+            LIMIT 1
+            """
+        result = cursor.execute(random_sql)
+        for ip_info in cursor.fetchall():
+            ip = ip_info[0]
+            port = ip_info[1]
+
+            judge_re = self.judge_ip(ip, port)
+            if judge_re:
+                return "http://{0}:{1}".format(ip, port)
+            else:
+                return self.get_random_ip()
+
+
+
+# print (crawl_ips())
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    get_ip = GetIP()
+    get_ip.get_random_ip()
\ No newline at end of file

tools/selenium_spider.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+
+from selenium import webdriver
+from scrapy.selector import Selector
+
+# browser = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="D:/Temp/chromedriver.exe")
+
+# browser.get("https://www.zhihu.com/#signin")
+#
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector(".view-signin input[name='account']").send_keys("18782902568")
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector(".view-signin input[name='password']").send_keys("admin125")
+#
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector(".view-signin button.sign-button").click()
+#selenium 完成微博模拟登录
+
+# browser.get("https://www.oschina.net/blog")
+# import time
+# time.sleep(5)
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector("#loginname").send_keys("liyao198705@sina.com")
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector(".info_list.password input[node-type='password']").send_keys("da_ge_da")
+# browser.find_element_by_css_selector(".info_list.login_btn a[node-type='submitBtn']").click()
+
+# for i in range(3):
+#     browser.execute_script("window.scrollTo(0, document.body.scrollHeight); var lenOfPage=document.body.scrollHeight; return lenOfPage;")
+#     time.sleep(3)
+# t_selector = Selector(text=browser.page_source)
+# print (t_selector.css(".tm-promo-price .tm-price::text").extract())
+
+
+#设置chromedriver不加载图片
+# chrome_opt = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
+# prefs = {"profile.managed_default_content_settings.images":2}
+# chrome_opt.add_experimental_option("prefs", prefs)
+
+
+#phantomjs, 无界面的浏览器， 多进程情况下phantomjs性能会下降很严重
+
+browser = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path="E:/home/phantomjs-2.1.1-windows/bin/phantomjs.exe")
+browser.get("https://detail.tmall.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.3.yYBVG6&id=538286972599&cm_id=140105335569ed55e27b&abbucket=15&sku_properties=10004:709990523;5919063:6536025")
+
+print (browser.page_source)
+browser.quit()
\ No newline at end of file

tools/yundama_requests.py

+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+__author__ = 'bobby'
+
+import json
+import requests
+
+class YDMHttp(object):
+    apiurl = 'http://api.yundama.com/api.php'
+    username = ''
+    password = ''
+    appid = ''
+    appkey = ''
+
+    def __init__(self, username, password, appid, appkey):
+        self.username = username
+        self.password = password
+        self.appid = str(appid)
+        self.appkey = appkey
+
+    def balance(self):
+        data = {'method': 'balance', 'username': self.username, 'password': self.password, 'appid': self.appid, 'appkey': self.appkey}
+        response_data = requests.post(self.apiurl, data=data)
+        ret_data = json.loads(response_data.text)
+        if ret_data["ret"] == 0:
+            print ("获取剩余积分", ret_data["balance"])
+            return ret_data["balance"]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def login(self):
+        data = {'method': 'login', 'username': self.username, 'password': self.password, 'appid': self.appid, 'appkey': self.appkey}
+        response_data = requests.post(self.apiurl, data=data)
+        ret_data = json.loads(response_data.text)
+        if ret_data["ret"] == 0:
+            print ("登录成功", ret_data["uid"])
+            return ret_data["uid"]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def decode(self, filename, codetype, timeout):
+        data = {'method': 'upload', 'username': self.username, 'password': self.password, 'appid': self.appid, 'appkey': self.appkey, 'codetype': str(codetype), 'timeout': str(timeout)}
+        files = {'file': open(filename, 'rb')}
+        response_data = requests.post(self.apiurl, files=files, data=data)
+        ret_data = json.loads(response_data.text)
+        if ret_data["ret"] == 0:
+            print ("识别成功", ret_data["text"])
+            return ret_data["text"]
+        else:
+            return None
+
+def ydm(file_path):
+    username = 'da_ge_da1'
+    # 密码
+    password = 'da_ge_da'
+    # 软件ＩＤ，开发者分成必要参数。登录开发者后台【我的软件】获得！
+    appid = 3129
+    # 软件密钥，开发者分成必要参数。登录开发者后台【我的软件】获得！
+    appkey = '40d5ad41c047179fc797631e3b9c3025'
+    # 图片文件
+    filename = 'image/captcha.jpg'
+    # 验证码类型，# 例：1004表示4位字母数字，不同类型收费不同。请准确填写，否则影响识别率。在此查询所有类型 http://www.yundama.com/price.html
+    codetype = 5000
+    # 超时时间，秒
+    timeout = 60
+    # 检查
+
+    yundama = YDMHttp(username, password, appid, appkey)
+    if (username == 'username'):
+        print('请设置好相关参数再测试')
+    else:
+        # 开始识别，图片路径，验证码类型ID，超时时间（秒），识别结果
+        return yundama.decode(file_path, codetype, timeout);
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    # 用户名
+    username = 'da_ge_da1'
+    # 密码
+    password = 'da_ge_da'
+    # 软件ＩＤ，开发者分成必要参数。登录开发者后台【我的软件】获得！
+    appid = 3129
+    # 软件密钥，开发者分成必要参数。登录开发者后台【我的软件】获得！
+    appkey = '40d5ad41c047179fc797631e3b9c3025'
+    # 图片文件
+    filename = 'image/captcha.jpg'
+    # 验证码类型，# 例：1004表示4位字母数字，不同类型收费不同。请准确填写，否则影响识别率。在此查询所有类型 http://www.yundama.com/price.html
+    codetype = 5000
+    # 超时时间，秒
+    timeout = 60
+    # 检查
+    if (username == 'username'):
+        print ('请设置好相关参数再测试')
+    else:
+        # 初始化
+        yundama = YDMHttp(username, password, appid, appkey)
+
+        # 登陆云打码
+        uid = yundama.login();
+        print('uid: %s' % uid)
+
+        # 登陆云打码
+        uid = yundama.login();
+        print ('uid: %s' % uid)
+
+        # 查询余额
+        balance = yundama.balance();
+        print ('balance: %s' % balance)
+
+        # 开始识别，图片路径，验证码类型ID，超时时间（秒），识别结果
+        text = yundama.decode(filename, codetype, timeout);
+